An Operational System for Automated Road Database Updating from Aerial Imagery

This paper presents a practical system for automated 3D road network reconstruction from aerial images using knowledge-based image analysis. The system integrates processing of color image data and information from digital spatial databases, extracts and fuses multiple object cues, takes into account context information, employs existing knowledge, rules and models, and treats each road subclass accordingly. The key of the system is the use of knowledge as much as possible to increase success rate and reliability of the results, working in 2D images and 3D object space, and use of 2D and 3D interaction when needed. Another advantage of the developed system is that it can correctly and reliably handle problematic areas caused by shadows and occlusions. This work is part of a project to improve and update the 1:25,000 vector maps of Switzerland. The system was originally developed to process stereo images, but it has been modified to work also with orthoimages, thus making it applicable to sensors of unknown geometry. The system has been implemented as a stand-alone software package, and has been tested on a large number of images with different landscape. In this paper, various parts of the developed system are discussed, and the results of our system in the tests conducted independently by our project partner in Switzerland, and the test results with orthoimages in a test site in the Netherlands are presented together with the system performance evaluation.